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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Anat / Functional specialisation of pelvic limb anatomy in horses (...
Journal of anatomy2005; 206(6); 557-574; doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00420.x

Functional specialisation of pelvic limb anatomy in horses (Equus caballus).

Abstract: We provide quantitative anatomical data on the muscle-tendon units of the equine pelvic limb. Specifically, we recorded muscle mass, fascicle length, pennation angle, tendon mass and tendon rest length. Physiological cross sectional area was then determined and maximum isometric force estimated. There was proximal-to-distal reduction in muscle volume and fascicle length. Proximal limb tendons were few and, where present, were relatively short. By contrast, distal limb tendons were numerous and long in comparison to mean muscle fascicle length, increasing potential for elastic energy storage. When compared with published data on thoracic limb muscles, proximal pelvic limb muscles were larger in volume and had shorter fascicles. Distal limb muscle architecture was similar in thoracic and pelvic limbs with the exception of flexor digitorum lateralis (lateral head of the deep digital flexor), the architecture of which was similar to that of the pelvic and thoracic limb superficial digital flexors, suggesting a functional similarity.
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Publication Date: 2005-06-18 PubMed ID: 15960766PubMed Central: PMC1571521DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00420.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research provides a detailed quantitative analysis of the pelvic limb anatomy of horses, highlighting a proximal-to-distal reduction in muscle volume and fascicle length. It also points out the differences in tendon length and suggests a functional similarity between flexor digitorum lateralis and other limb muscles.

Objective of the Study

  • The primary objective of the research was to provide detailed quantitative anatomical data on the muscle-tendon units of the equine pelvic limb. This is crucial in better understanding the muscle and tendon structure in horses and how they function.

Methodology

  • The authors recorded various parameters, such as muscle mass, fascicle length, pennation angle, tendon mass, and tendon rest length.
  • The physiological cross-sectional area was also determined, and the maximum isometric force estimated, giving a more detailed perspective of the muscle and tendon structure.

Key Findings

  • The study found that there was a proximal-to-distal reduction in muscle volume and fascicle length. This means as one moves from the body towards the extremity of the limb, the muscle volume and the length of the individual muscle fibers (fascicles) reduce.
  • Proximal limb tendons, which are closer to the body, were relatively fewer and shorter. In contrast, distal limb tendons, further from the body, were numerous and longer.
  • This difference in tendon length and quantity provides the distal limbs with a greater potential for elastic energy storage, which is crucial for the horse’s movement and performance.

Comparative study

  • The research also made comparisons between the data obtained and other existing data on thoracic limb muscles.
  • Proximal pelvic limb muscles were found to be larger in volume and had shorter fascicles when compared with thoracic limb muscles.
  • The architecture of the distal limb muscles was largely similar in both thoracic and pelvic limbs. However, an exception was noted in the case of the flexor digitorum lateralis, a muscle found in the horse’s limb. Its architecture resembled the pelvic and thoracic limb superficial digital flexors, suggesting a functional similarity.

Cite This Article

APA
Payne RC, Hutchinson JR, Robilliard JJ, Smith NC, Wilson AM. (2005). Functional specialisation of pelvic limb anatomy in horses (Equus caballus). J Anat, 206(6), 557-574. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00420.x

Publication

Journal of anatomy
ISSN: 0021-8782
NlmUniqueID: 0137162
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 206
Issue: 6
Pages: 557-574

Researcher Affiliations

Payne, R C
  • Structure and Motion Laboratory, The Royal Veterinary College, London , UK. rpayne@rvc.ac.uk
Hutchinson, J R
    Robilliard, J J
      Smith, N C
        Wilson, A M

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Biomechanical Phenomena
          • Carpus, Animal / anatomy & histology
          • Carpus, Animal / physiology
          • Energy Metabolism
          • Hindlimb
          • Horses / anatomy & histology
          • Horses / physiology
          • Isometric Contraction / physiology
          • Locomotion / physiology
          • Muscle, Skeletal / anatomy & histology
          • Muscle, Skeletal / physiology
          • Pelvis
          • Tendons / anatomy & histology
          • Tendons / physiology

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