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Equine veterinary journal.
Publisher:
Equine Veterinary Journal, Ltd. Hobokken, NJ : Wiley (2009)
Frequency: 8 issues per year, 2009-
Country: United States
Language: English
Author(s):
British Equine Veterinary Association.
Start Year:1968 -
ISSN:
0425-1644 (Print)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2.2
2022
| NLM ID: | 173320 |
| (DNLM): | E11740000(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 01568146 |
| Coden: | EQVJAI |
| LCCN: | sn 83005310 |
| Classification: | W1 EQ967 |
Body temperature and behaviour of mares during the last two weeks of pregnancy. Average daily core body temperature and behavioural patterns of pregnant mares were studied, in search of definitive signs of parturition within 24 h of the event. Nineteen pony mares were sampled twice daily for core body temperature. A significant temperature drop, averaging 0.1 degrees C (0.2 degrees F) was observed during the day prior to parturition. Between 18.00 h and 06.00 h, during the two weeks before parturition, Thoroughbred and Standardbred mares (n = 52) spent an average 66.8 per cent of their time standing, 27.0 per cent eating, 4.9 per cent lying in sternal recumbency, 1.0 per ...
Increased local IgA production in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The immunoglobulin (Ig) content of serum and tracheal lavage fluid was measured in 50 horses suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 40 control horses. The mean immunoglobulin: albumin ratios of the lavage fluids of both groups were significantly higher than the corresponding values for serum, which indicates significant local production of immunoglobulins in the lower respiratory tract. The IgA: albumin ratio of lavage fluid was significantly higher in diseased compared with normal horses, which implies increased local production of IgA in this disease. The IgG: albumi...
Quantification of skin displacement near the carpal, tarsal and fetlock joints of the walking horse. A technique enabling simultaneous visualisation of skin and underlying bony structures in the walking horse was used to quantify skin displacements on the lateral surface of carpal, tarsal and fetlock joints. The technique employed implanted light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) for marking the bone, and self adhesive spot labels for marking the overlying skin. Photographic recordings were made. Skin displacement was measured in six Dutch Warmblood horses. Mean total displacements and mean displacement per degree of change of joint angle were calculated. Displacements at the level of the fetlock joints...
Dietary requirements and athletic performance of horses. There is no clear evidence that the chronic requirement for any non-energy yielding nutrient rises in proportion as the energy requirement increases with hard work. The need for protein, and probably that for calcium, remain a function of bodyweight daily. Some proportionality with energy may exist for certain nutrients, although the evidence has not been adduced. For example, because of an increase in both the proportion and amount of propionic acid in the volatile fatty acids of caecal contents, the tissue requirement for vitamin B12 may rise with an increase in the rate of energy metabolism...
Distribution of ground reaction forces of the concurrently loaded limbs of the Dutch Warmblood horse at the normal walk. The distribution of the ground reaction forces (GRF) over the concurrently loaded limbs of the normally walking horse was determined from 'representative' GRF patterns of all limbs, which were plotted in correct time order after analysis of simultaneously taken high-speed film. This procedure visualises the GRF patterns of each of the four limbs in relation to the GRF pattern(s) of the one or two concurrently loaded limb(s) during a complete stride. In 15 clinically sound horses the mean averaged GRF data and temporal stride parameters showed an almost complete symmetry between both the foreli...
Dose related effects of the kappa agonist U-50, 488H on behaviour, nociception and autonomic response in the horse. Current opiate receptor theory suggests that kappa agonists should provide good analgesia without producing marked central nervous system stimulation. U-50,488H is an experimental narcotic analgesic that is a selective kappa agonist. In the present study, U-50,488H produced good analgesia in horses using both the skin twitch and hoof withdrawal reflex assays. Further, the analgesia was relatively long lasting (120 mins) compared to other mu-agonists tested in horses. The locomotor response to U-50,488H was less than observed with ethylketazocine and butorphanol, and has yielded the smallest lo...
A 64XX/65XXX mosaic mare (Equus caballus) and associated infertility. IT is well known that chromosomal abnormalities are
frequently associated with infertility in the mare (Table 1). The
most commonly reported abnormality is 6 3 x 0 which can
occur in a mosaic or non-mosaic form. Various other
aneuploidies of the sex chromosomes have been reported but
the 6SXXX genotype appears to be rare. Chandley et a1 (1975)
and Chandley (1984) have reported two 65XXX animals and
Walker (1979) a 64XW6SXXW6SXXY one.
This paper reports a mosaic 64XXh5XXX animal and
emphasises the need for more cytogenetic analysis in the
horse.
Chromosome anomalies and infertility in the mare. Nine reproductively normal mares, 25 infertile mares and one set of heterosexual twins were examined cytogenetically using conventional giemsa staining, C-banding and G-banding. It was concluded that G-banding was necessary to identify even gross anomalies. Three (12 per cent) of the infertile mares, but none of the controls, had a chromosomal anomaly. One was 63,XO, one a 63,XO/64,XX mixoploid and one a 64,XY sex reversed male. It is argued that a cytogenetic examination is a useful diagnostic technique but that routine screening of the whole population would be uneconomic.
Iron toxicity in neonatal foals. Newborn Shetland foals died of acute hepatic failure following oral administration of approximately 16 mg/kg body weight ferrous fumarate. Lesions in these foals were indistinguishable from lesions in foals given an oral digestive inoculant containing ferrous fumarate and were also similar to the syndrome characterised as 'toxic hepatopathy' in foals in the United States in 1983. We conclude that foals are susceptible to toxicity from low doses of iron compounds in the first few days of life. Vitamin E and selenium deficiency may contribute to this susceptibility.
Effects of age, sex, and post mortem interval on intestinal lengths of horses during development. Lengths of small intestine, caecum, ascending colon and descending colon were measured in intestinal tracts from 103 foetuses, foals and adult horses. Intestinal tracts from 21 of the horses were measured at varying intervals after death. Total intestinal length increased markedly from mid-gestation to one year of age, then showed little increment up to 35 years. Small intestinal length increased most rapidly in the first month of life. Caecal length increased most rapidly from one to six months and length of ascending colon increased most rapidly between one week and one year. Descending colo...
The effects of high intensity exercise on the plasma concentration of lactate, potassium and other electrolytes. To study the effect of short term high intensity exercise on plasma lactate, potassium, sodium and chloride concentrations, five Thoroughbred horses were galloped on a treadmill at a 5 degree incline. Following a standardised warm-up period, they were galloped at 8, 10, or 12 metres/sec for 2 mins. One horse also galloped at 14 metres/sec for 1.5 mins. Sequential arterial and/or venous blood samples were collected during exercise and recovery. At 12 metres/sec, the effect of different recovery modes, ie, standing, walking or trotting, on the electrolytes was also examined. There was a progress...
Determination and repeatability of maximum oxygen uptake and other cardiorespiratory measurements in the exercising horse. A rapid incremental treadmill exercise test was used to determine the repeatability of the following measurements in exercising horses: maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), maximal heart rate (HRmax), velocity at a heart rate of 200 beats/min (V-200), oxygen consumption at a heart rate of 200 beats/min (VO2-200), oxygen consumption at HRmax (VO2-HRmax), work rate at a heart rate of 200 beats/min (W-200), work rate at HRmax (W-HRmax) and treadmill velocity at HRmax (V-HRmax). Six Standardbred geldings were exercised on three separate occasions on a treadmill set at an inclination of 6 degrees. ...
Sudden and unexpected death in horses and ponies: an analysis of 200 cases. An analysis was made of the causes of death in horses and ponies over one year of age which died suddenly (Group 1) or were found dead but were considered normal when last seen (Group 2). There were 49 animals in Group 1. Thoroughbreds were overrepresented, but there were no ponies in this group. No cause of death was found in 30.6 per cent of cases and 16.3 per cent died from each of the following causes: haemorrhage in the respiratory system, central nervous system, and adverse drug reactions. Cardiovascular lesions were the cause of death in 14.4 per cent and the remaining 3.1 per cent had ...
