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Equine veterinary journal.
Publisher:
Equine Veterinary Journal, Ltd. Hobokken, NJ : Wiley (2009)
Frequency: 8 issues per year, 2009-
Country: United States
Language: English
Author(s):
British Equine Veterinary Association.
Start Year:1968 -
ISSN:
0425-1644 (Print)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2.2
2022
| NLM ID: | 173320 |
| (DNLM): | E11740000(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 01568146 |
| Coden: | EQVJAI |
| LCCN: | sn 83005310 |
| Classification: | W1 EQ967 |
Genital injuries from mating in the mare. Minor accidents during natural mating are common occurrences during the breeding of horses. Mares may suffer from a variety of genital injuries including vulval separations, vaginal lacerations and, less commonly, vaginal rupture. Possible sequelae to, and management of, these injuries are described, with additional mention of false entry by the stallion and persistent hymen in maiden mares. Vaginal rupture during natural mating can lead to death of the mare. The implications for litigation involving veterinary surgeons and horse breeders are discussed.
Effects of a submaximal treadmill training programme on histochemical properties, enzyme activities and glycogen utilisation of skeletal muscle in the horse. The effects of training on skeletal muscle composition were studied in four Standardbred geldings given a seven week submaximal treadmill training programme. Before the start of training, muscle biopsies were collected from the left middle gluteal muscle for the determination of muscle fibre types, oxidative capacity and capillary numbers using histochemical techniques. The concentrations of citrate synthase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD), lactate dehydrogenase and total muscle glycogen were measured using fluorometric methods. Muscle biopsy samples were repeated after one, three, five...
Regional blood flow changes in response to near maximal exercise in ponies: a review. In recent years, increasing attention has been focused on the physiological responses of the horse to maximal exercise. Cardiovascular response in near maximally exercised galloping ponies (heart rate 225 +/- 7 beats/min; whole body oxygen consumption 122 +/- 12 ml/min/kg) comprised a marked increase in blood flow to the cerebellum, myocardium, diaphragm and the working muscles, while renal blood flow decreased precipitously. Cerebral and brainstem perfusion did not vary from resting values. Transmural homogeneity of myocardial blood flow persisted during near maximal exercise. It was reported...
Muscle fibre variation in the gluteus medius of the horse. The gluteus medius of two killed Thoroughbred horses were sampled along the muscle and across the muscle at four different depths. The distribution of fibre types in these two horses was assessed by staining cross sections of the muscle sample for ATPase. A non-uniform distribution of fibre types was found within the gluteus medius in both horses and there was a significant increase in percentage of slow twitch (ST) fibres from the surface to the deeper regions of the muscle. The rate of increase, however, depended on the individual site along the muscle. Averages ranges from a low of 2.4 per ...
Neoplasms of equidae in Iran. THE results of a 20 year retrospective study of the tumours diagnosed in all equine cases referred to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teheran, for surgical treatment or post mortem examination are reported here.
Seasonal changes in pasture infectivity by equine cyathostomes in north central Florida. ALTHOUGH the seasonal transmission of equine cyathostomes is well documented in cool climates (Ogbourne 1978),
less is known about their transmission in warm climates.
Australian studies have suggested that these parasites do not
survive well during the long, hot summers of the humid
subtropics (English 1979a.b). Development of egg to third
stage larva (L3) was rapid during the summer but the
percentage of larvae that survived to ascend herbage was very
low. In contrast, larvae survived for longer periods during the
cooler months and the highest L3 populations were observed
during spr...
Case of angiosarcoma of the nasal passage of the horse–ultrastructure and differential diagnosis from progressive haematoma. An angiosarcoma involving the right frontal and maxillary sinuses in a nine-year-old Thoroughbred mare was studied post mortem by light and electron microscopy. Important diagnostic features included malignant endothelial cells lining ill-defined vascular spaces, supported by other vasoformative elements. Rhabdomyoblasts were also found. The tumour is apparently rarely seen in the nasal passages of the horse.
Equine cytogenetics: role in equine veterinary practice. The prognostic use of karyotyping in equine breeding has been recommended since 1976. Specimens used and laboratory methods are described. The system of karyotype evaluation is explained together with a glossary of terms. The principal aberrations in horses are defined. The present state of knowledge in cytogenetics in horses is reviewed dealing with infertility in the mare, where sex chromosomes give clear indication of problems; the situation with respect to anomalies found in stallions and hermaphroditism is explained coupled with recent concepts of chromosomal roles in reproduction. The fu...
Observations on seven cases of mitral insufficiency in the horse. Observations on seven cases of mitral insufficiency are described. Three of the horses had recent histories of cardiac failure and formed a separate group in which there were marked haemodynamic changes which varied in relation to heart rate but were associated with pulmonary hypertension, elevated right ventricular pressure and low peak left ventricular pressure. In the other four horses the heart appeared to be compensating at rest but to be unable to cope with severe exertion. On auscultation, a widespread pansystolic murmur and a prominent third heart sound were characteristic of the left ...
Larval cyathostomiasis (immature trichonema-induced enteropathy): a report of 15 clinical cases. Clinical and laboratory findings are recorded from a series of 15 cases (aged one to 16 years) of sudden-onset chronic diarrhoea with weight loss, progressing in many cases to emaciation and death, associated with the emergence of fourth stage cyathostome (trichoneme) larvae in large numbers through the colonic and caecal mucosae. Apart from a single incident in mid-October, disease only occurred in winter and spring (January to May). Characteristic features included hypoalbuminaemia, increased alpha and beta plasma globulin levels and neutrophilia without left shift. Faecal egg counts were fr...
Prevalence and epidemiology of the major gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Perth, Western Australia. A survey was conducted on the prevalence of the major gastrointestinal parasites in 140 horses necropsied in Perth, Western Australia, during 1979 to 1982. Adult Strongylus vulgaris were found in 22.5 per cent of horses and verminous arteritis in 62.9 per cent. The peak worm prevalence was in November to January (summer). S edentatus had a similar prevalence and seasonality but S equinus was not found in this survey. Draschia megastoma and Habronema muscae were found in 66.2 per cent and 35.3 per cent of horses respectively. Infection is probably acquired in summer when 8 per cent of the Musca...
Integrated control of Strongylus vulgaris infection in horses using ivermectin. An attempt was made to control or eliminate Strongylus vulgaris from a closed group of three horses at pasture near Perth, Western Australia, by dosing with ivermectin on four occasions during the time of year when it was believed that environmental conditions would eliminate all the non-parasitic stages of that species. At necropsy, five months after the last dose of anthelmintic and after continually grazing the same pastures, no S vulgaris or arterial lesions were found in those horses and S edentatus, Draschia megastoma and Habronema species were also almost completely eliminated.
Effect of experimental vascular occlusion on small intestinal motility in ponies. Small intestinal ischaemia is a cause of pain in man and horses. Occlusion of the vascular supply to Thiry loops in experimental ponies caused severe discomfort and loss of motility within a few minutes but these effects could not be reproduced by a similar procedure in intact gut preparations. However, embolisation of the mural vascular network produced ischaemia of the small intestine of anaesthetised ponies which led to a cessation of motility in the affected segments, though unaffected segments became hypermotile with a characteristic motility pattern. These results suggest the need for re...
Bilateral laryngeal paralysis in the horse. Four two-year-old Thoroughbreds suffered an acute gastrointestinal illness shortly after dosing with mineral oil which was thought to have been contaminated with an organophosphate compound. Three weeks later all four were noted to be dyspnoeic and endoscopic examination showed that they had developed bilateral laryngeal paralysis. Two of the horses died during severe bouts of dyspnoea six and eight months later and the third was killed shortly thereafter. Examination of the left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves from these horses showed a severe loss of myelinated fibres distally, especial...
The ‘Turner’ circle absorber: an anaesthetic breathing system for the horse. An inhalation anaesthetic apparatus for the horse is described and the physiological concepts pertaining to its design presented. The internal diameter of all breathing components is 6.2 cm with no change in cross sectional area throughout the circle system. The soda lime capacity is 25 litres (approximately 20 kg). In the horse, which is apparently predisposed to alveolar hypoventilation during inhalation anaesthesia, it is apparent that adequate anaesthetic apparatus design should be directed towards minimising resistance and dead space and providing maximal and efficient carbon dioxide elim...
Do magnetic fields influence soft tissue wound healing?–A preliminary communication. Magnetic fields have been considered for treating many ailments over man's history. There have been many anecdotal unsupported claims for successful treatment of soft tissue injury although reports have been more substantive in the orthopaedic field. The widespread clinical and veterinary use of a light self-adhesive magnetic foil in Europe prompted this trial of experimental wound healing. One hundred and sixty Sprague-Dawley rats had a linear 2.5 cm incision or a circular 1 cm skin defect made over the mid-dorsal spine. Equal numbers were randomised to receive either a magnetic foil or a dum...
Review of exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage and its possible relationship with mechanical stress. Exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) is a condition of uncertain aetiology. This article reviews the evidence relating to its incidence, clinical findings, radiological observations, histopathology and certain aspects of respiratory physiology. It is proposed that EIPH is primarily caused by mechanical stress in the dorsocaudal region of the lung.
Epidemiological approach to the control of horse strongyles. An investigation of the spring rise in strongyle egg output of grazing horses on two commercial horse farms in northern USA in 1981 and 1982 revealed two distinct spring and summer rises in faecal egg counts, with peaks in May and August/September. There was a marked rise in the concentration of infective larvae on pasture two to four weeks after the peaks in egg output, so that grazing horses were at serious risk from June onwards and pasture larval counts on one farm did not fall to low levels until June of the following year. The spring and summer rises in faecal egg counts appeared to be s...
Endoscopic examination of the equine thorax. PLEUROSCOPY is a diagnostic technique in which a flexible
or rigid endoscope is used to examine the pleural space.
Although pleuroscopy is a relatively new technique in equine
medicine, it has been used for some time in human medicine
(Jacobaeus 1910, 1925; Lloyd 1953). It is most often used in
human patients to explore the thoracic cavity of persons with
undiagnosed pleural effusions when more conservative
methods, such as percutaneous lung or pleural biopsy, have
been unsuccessful in providing a diagnosis (Hatch and
Decamp 1966; Decamp, Mosely, Scott and Hatch 1973;
Gwin et a1 1975...
