Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Topic:Animal Science
Animal Science and horses encompass the study of equine biology, physiology, and management practices aimed at understanding and improving horse health, welfare, and performance. This field integrates various scientific disciplines, including genetics, nutrition, reproduction, and behavior, to address the needs of horses in diverse contexts such as sports, work, and companionship. Research in this area often focuses on optimizing feeding strategies, enhancing breeding programs, and developing effective health management protocols. Additionally, studies explore the genetic factors influencing traits such as athleticism and disease resistance, as well as the impact of environmental and management conditions on horse behavior and welfare. This page gathers peer-reviewed research and scholarly articles that investigate the scientific principles underpinning equine science and their practical applications in horse care and management.
Cadmium/zinc relationships in kidney cortex and metallothionein of horse and red deer: histopathological observations on horse kidneys. Cadmium and zinc were determined in kidney cortex of 63 horses and 51 red deer (Cervus elaphus). Cadmium and zinc were also determined in protein fractions obtained by Sephadex chromatography of kidney cortex from 10 horses and 4 red deer. Histopathological parameters in kidney cortex of horses were compared to cadmium content. The metal contents (on wet weight basis) in kidney cortex of the horses were 0.31 +/- 0.22 mmole Cd/kg (range 0.03-1.21) and 0.63 +/- 0.17 mmole Zn/kg (range 0.36-1.23). The Zn content increased with the Cd content, the Zn increase being less at higher concentrations. N...
An investigation of the effect of hesperidin complex and lemon bioflavonoid complex on growth and development of thoroughbred horses. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Hesperidin Complex and Lemon Bioflavonoid Complex (HC/LBC) on the growth and development of thoroughbred horses. The trial involved twenty-four foals (12 colts, 12 fillies) allotted to treatment shortly after weaning. The study was conducted for a 342-d growing phase and a 153-d training phase, or a total of 495-d. The HC/LBC was included in the test diet at a level calculated to supply the compound at 55 mg X kg body weight-1 X d-1. During the growing phase, average daily gain of colts that received HC/LBC was higher (P less than .05)...
Cholesteryl sulfate: the major polar lipid of horse hoof. The lipids of horse hoof have been analyzed by quantitative thin-layer chromatography. The major components include cholesterol (37-40%), six groups of ceramides (10-15%), and cholesteryl sulfate (15-20%). Free fatty acids are abundant (15.8%) in the outer fully keratinized hoof, but are present at only low levels (3.1%) in the softer hyponychium. The material identified as cholesteryl sulfate was isolated by preparative thin-layer chromatography and characterized by a combination of chemical, chromatographic, and spectroscopic methods. The infrared spectrum of the isolated material had absorp...
DNA sequences from the quagga, an extinct member of the horse family. To determine whether DNA survives and can be recovered from the remains of extinct creatures, we have examined dried muscle from a museum specimen of the quagga, a zebra-like species (Equus quagga) that became extinct in 1883 (ref. 1). We report that DNA was extracted from this tissue in amounts approaching 1% of that expected from fresh muscle, and that the DNA was of relatively low molecular weight. Among the many clones obtained from the quagga DNA, two containing pieces of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were sequenced. These sequences, comprising 229 nucleotide pairs, differ by 12 base substitu...
Standardised terminology for the description and analysis of equine locomotion. Terminology for the analysis of equine locomotion is reviewed and the most appropriate terms selected for use by research workers in this field. Each cycle of limb movement comprises a stance phase, when the hoof is in contact with the ground, alternating with a swing phase. The stance phase is subdivided at the mid-stance position into an initial decelerative phase followed by a propulsive phase. When the stance phases of different limbs occur concurrently, the term overlap refers to the duration of simultaneous ground contact. Single support is the term used to describe the phase when the li...
Thirteen cases of botulism in horses fed big bale silage. An outbreak of pharyngeal and limb paresis involving four horses and nine ponies in the south east of England is described. Nine of the animals died or were destroyed on humane grounds. The clinical features suggested a diagnosis of botulism and mouse innoculation tests confirmed the presence of type B toxin in the serum of one case. All animals were fed big bale silage. It is describe how, in plastic wrapped silage manufacture, conditions of fermentation may be inadequate to prevent the growth of Clostridium botulism. Examination of a sample of silage fed to the affected horses suggested that...
The amino acid sequence of equine alpha-lactalbumin. The amino acid sequence of equine alpha-lactalbumin has been determined with the aid of an automatic sequencer. The protein chain consists of 123 amino acids and has a Mr of 14218. Elucidation of the structure involved sequence determination of native protein (residues 1-32), cyanogen bromide fragments, and tryptic, chymotryptic and S. aureus V8 proteolytic peptides. Approximately 67% of the residues are identical with corresponding residues of bovine alpha-lactalbumin B, and there is close homology with alpha-lactalbumin of other species.
Rapid screening and confirmation for drugs and metabolites in racing animals by tandem mass spectrometry. A screening and confirmation procedure for drugs and metabolites in the blood serum and urine of racing animals was developed. Equine blood serum was spiked with low concentrations of several drugs of interest. Canine blood serum and urine were collected following oral doses of diethylcarbamazine, procaine, and phenylbutazone. Serum, urine, and extracts of each were analyzed, using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Simultaneous screening of up to 50 drugs was possible in a single sample, in less than 2 minutes. Detection limits for most compounds were in the ng/ml to microgram/ml range, u...
Isolation and structural characterization of the equine erythrocyte receptor for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K99 fimbrial adhesin. The erythrocyte receptor for Escherichia coli K99 fimbrial adhesin was isolated from equine erythrocytes and characterized as Neu5Gc-alpha(2----3)-Galp-beta(1----4)-GLcp-beta(1----1)-Ceramide. This glycolipid acted as the receptor for K99 by four different experimental approaches: inhibition of equine erythrocyte hemagglutination by preincubation of K99-positive bacteria or purified K99 fimbriae with the isolated glycolipid; inhibition of attachment of K99-positive bacteria to porcine intestinal epithelial cells in the presence of the isolated glycolipid; induction of binding of K99-positive b...
Pathomorphology and pathogenesis of bacterial meningoventriculitis of neonatal ungulates. Bacterial meningoventriculitis was studied in 26 neonatal ungulates. Preceded by a substantial bacteremia, usually due to Escherichia coli, the fibrinopurulent inflammation involved leptomeninges, choroid plexuses, and ventricle walls, but largely spared the neuraxial parenchyma. It is proposed that this surface-relatedness results from the transport of bacteria by monocytes of low bactericidal power, migrating by normal pathways to maintain significant surface populations of macrophages. The neuraxial parenchyma is spared because of its normal lack of a macrophage population. A similar pathog...
Mare lactotransferrin: purification, analysis and N-terminal sequence determination. Mare lactotransferrin has been purified and analyzed. Its molecular mass is 81 kDa. A 28 amino acid long N-terminal sequence was established and a first series of comparisons with other transferrins was performed.
Castration of horses and donkeys with first intention healing. A simple technique for castration of adult horses which results in first intention healing was devised. The technique involves a 'closed' castration with or without a transfixed ligature on the spermatic sac and suturing the scrotal skin with polyglycolic acid suture material. The postoperative course was characterised by mild oedema only and by rapid recovery. The results obtained during the course of removing 311 scrotal testes from horses and donkeys of all ages are described and discussed. The technique is readily applicable in the field.
Equine plasma banking: collection by exsanguination. A procedure was developed for the collection, preparation, storage, and administration of equine plasma. The technique involved exsanguination of anesthetized donor horses via carotid artery catheterization with a large-bore cannula. Blood was collected into plastic bags, allowed to settle by gravity, then transferred into storage bags and frozen. These were quickly thawed when needed.
Pathogenicity of equine herpesvirus 1 subtype 2 for foals and adult pony mares. Three pony mares and 4 pony foals were inoculated with a subtype 2 strain of equine herpesvirus 1. Foals had periods of fever 12 h and 2.5 days after inoculation and leukopenia, involving both neutrophils and lymphocytes, followed by leukocytosis. Mares had transient fever and leukopenia 24 hours after inoculation that were less severe than in foals. An increase in circulating virus-neutralizing antibody was seen in 2 of 3 inoculated mares, but not in foals. Attempts to isolate virus from blood were unsuccessful. These studies show that equine herpesvirus 1 subtype 2 is a mild pathogen for pon...
