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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Impact of Lower Airway Inflammation on Fitness Parameters in...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2022; 12(22); 3228; doi: 10.3390/ani12223228

Impact of Lower Airway Inflammation on Fitness Parameters in Standardbred Racehorses.

Abstract: Mild-moderate equine asthma (MEA) is a common respiratory disorder among racehorses, characterized by lower airway inflammation. Although it is generally agreed that MEA causes poor performance, contrasting results have been reported about the effects of tracheal mucus and the leukocyte populations of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on performance. This study aims to investigate the associations between airway inflammation and fitness parameters measured during an incremental treadmill test on Standardbred racehorses. For this purpose, the clinical records of 116 Standardbreds subjected to a diagnostic protocol for poor performance were retrospectively reviewed. Parametric and nonparametric statistics were used to evaluate the relationships between endoscopic scores, BAL cytological results, and fitness parameters. Moreover, horses were divided into MEA and non-MEA groups and into neutrophilic, eosinophilic-mastocytic, and mixed MEA groups; fitness parameters were compared between groups. Neutrophils percentages were inversely correlated with the speed at a heart rate of 200 bpm, the speed and heart rate at a plasma lactate concentration of 4 mmol/L (VLa4 and HRLa4), and the maximal speed, while they were positively correlated with higher lactate concentrations. Moreover, significant differences were detected between different MEA subtypes concerning VLa4, HRLa4, and lactate concentrations. These results suggest that airway neutrophilic inflammation impairs athletic capacity in Standardbreds.
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Publication Date: 2022-11-21 PubMed ID: 36428455PubMed Central: PMC9687017DOI: 10.3390/ani12223228Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on understanding the effects of mild-moderate equine asthma (MEA) and lower airway inflammation on the fitness performance of Standardbred racehorses.

Research Background and Objective

  • The study was conducted due to observed inconsistencies in the reported effects of MEA, marked by lower airway inflammation, on horse fitness and performance. Despite the generally noted performance decline due to MEA, the exact ways in which specific aspects of the condition, such as tracheal mucus and the leukocyte populations (white blood cells) in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), affect performance remained unclear.
  • The central goal of the research was to investigate the links between airway inflammation and fitness parameters in Standardbred racehorses.

Methods and Procedures

  • The researchers retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 116 Standardbred horses that had undergone diagnostic procedures due to poor performance issue.
  • They evaluated the associations between endoscopic scores and BAL cytological results with fitness parameters using both parametric and nonparametric statistics.
  • For evaluation, horses were divided into MEA and non-MEA groups and further categorized into neutrophilic, eosinophilic-mastocytic, and mixed MEA groups.
  • Fitness parameters were subsequently compared among these groups.

Findings and Inferences

  • The study found that the percentage of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) was inversely correlated with speed at a heart rate of 200 beats per minute, speed and heart rate at a plasma lactate concentration of 4 mmol/L and the maximal speed. That is, as the neutrophil percentage increased, these performance metrics decreased.
  • Neutrophils percentage also reflected a positive correlation with higher lactate concentrations, a physiological marker of intense exercise and potential fatigue.
  • Significant variations were observed between different MEA subtypes in the parameters VLa4 (the speed at which plasma lactate concentration reaches 4 mmol/L), HRLa4 (the heart rate at which plasma lactate concentration reaches 4 mmol/L), and lactate concentrations.
  • The findings strongly propose that airway neutrophilic inflammation, a characteristic feature of MEA, adversely affects the athletic performance in Standardbred horses.

Cite This Article

APA
(2022). Impact of Lower Airway Inflammation on Fitness Parameters in Standardbred Racehorses. Animals (Basel), 12(22), 3228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12223228

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 22
PII: 3228

Researcher Affiliations

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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