Fillies are young female horses, typically under the age of four, that exhibit distinct physiological and behavioral characteristics compared to mature mares and stallions. As they transition from foals to adulthood, fillies undergo significant growth and developmental changes, which can influence their nutritional requirements, health management, and training protocols. Horses, in general, are large, herbivorous mammals known for their speed, strength, and versatility, playing important roles in various human activities, including sport, work, and companionship. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the development, health, behavior, and management of fillies and horses across different life stages and environments.
Malinowski K, Christensen RA, Hafs HD, Scanes CG.A survey with horses was conducted to determine whether plasma concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) change as horses grow, mature sexually, and age. Jugular blood was sampled from Standardbred fillies and mares at ages 0, 1, 7, and 14 d, at 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 9 mo, and at 5 to 8 and 16 to 22 yr (n = 5 to 18). In a second survey, we measured the same variables in eight breeds of horses with markedly different adult body sizes, from Miniatures to Friesians. Plasma T3, T4, and IGF-I were determined by radioimm...
Bailey JE, Pablo L, Hubbell JA.A 7-month-old Quarter Horse filly was admitted for surgical repair of a right olecranon fracture. Anesthesia was achieved with xylazine hydrochloride, guaifenesin, ketamine hydrochloride, and halothane. Two and a half hours after induction of anesthesia, myotonia, muscle fasciculations, and sweating, concurrent with high serum potassium concentration and associated electrocardiographic changes consistent with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, were observed. Treatment included intermittent positive-pressure ventilation, changing intravenous administration of fluids from lactated Ringer's solutio...
Cymbaluk NF, Laarveld B.The effects of dam parity, age at weaning, and preweaning diet were examined in the ontogeny of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations in foals. Foals born to 13 primiparous and 19 multiparous draft-cross mares were weighed and bled near birth. About one-half of the foals in each group were weaned early (about 13 wk old); the remaining foals were weaned late (about 16 wk of age). Pooled values for serum IGF-I concentrations between birth and 17 wk of age were higher (P < 0.065) for foals born to multiparous (386 ng/ml) than to primiparous mares (237.5 ng/ml). Colts (378 n...
Jardine JE, Nesbit JW.A large abdominal mass in a 3-year-old filly was discovered clinically and removed and examined after the horse had been humanely killed. Histologically, three different tissue types were noted, occurring in equal amounts: epithelium largely in the form of well-differentiated tubules, multifocally distributed cell-dense foci of blastema, and myxoid to fibrous stroma. A diagnosis of triphasic nephroblastoma, a rare tumour in the horse, was made on the basis of microscopical findings. The finding of numerous glomeruloid structures confirmed the diagnosis and assisted in distinguishing the tumour...
Reppas GP, Canfield PJ, Hartley WJ, Hutchins DR, Hoffmann KL.An echocardiographical and clinical pathological investigation of the rapid loss of weight by a yearling thoroughbred filly revealed an atrial septal defect, a ventricular septal defect and hyperfibrinogenaemia. A post mortem examination confirmed the cardiac abnormalities and revealed a severe thoracic aortitis. It is proposed that the idiopathic thoracic aortitis contributed to the horse's compromised cardiovascular homoeostasis.
Holcombe SJ, Robertson JT, Richardson L.A 4-year-old Thoroughbred filly was referred for evaluation of a soft palate defect that had been created several weeks earlier during surgical correction of epiglottic entrapment, performed transorally. Surgical correction of the defect was performed via mandibular symphysiotomy. At 85 days after repair, the horse raced successfully. A 2-year-old Thoroughbred filly was admitted for evaluation and treatment of epiglottic entrapment. The soft palate was lacerated during transnasal division of the entrapping membrane. A 2-cm full-thickness soft palate laceration was repaired transorally.
Mäkelä O, Gustavsson I, Hollmén T.Chromosomal analysis is not a routine examination in equine
practice. It is indicated, however, in infertile or subfertile
mares with small, inactive ovaries (Chandley et a/. 1975;
Power 1986).
The most commonly reported abnormalities in mares
concern sex chromosomes such as 63,XO and mosaic
63,XO/64,XX giving sterile mares and 64,XY resulting in
gonadal dysgenesis, sex reversal and testicular feminisation
(Power 1990). The phenotypic manifestations of a horse with
these karyotypic abnormalities are usually quite mild
compared with the corresponding abnormalities in man. These
mild ...
Dowsett KF, Tshewang U, Knott LM, Jackson AE, Trigg TE.A series of experiments using an ovalbumin conjugated gonadotrophin releasing hormone was used to stimulate antibody production, suppress testosterone secretion and depress testicular function in yearling and 2 year old colts and fillies. In the preliminary experiment, an injectable oil-based formulation was administered to yearling colts. Testicular development and testosterone secretion were retarded for a period of approximately 28-32 weeks while antibody titres were greater than 1:1000. An implant and water-soluble vaccine (200 and 400 mg) is presently being tested in 2 year old colts. Tes...
Smyth GB.A 3-year-old Thoroughbred filly examined because of poor performance after a fall was found to be ataxic. Radiography revealed a linear defect in the right dorsal cranial articular facet of the fifth cervical vertebra. The defect was thought to be a fracture or a developmental defect. Arthrodesis and stabilization were achieved by ventral implantation of a Bagby basket in the articulation between the fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae. The ataxia resolved within 4 months, and the filly was able to resume full race training.
Burlacu GH, Voicu D, Voicu I, Nicolae M, Petrache E, Georgescu GH, Balan S.The present study focused on energy and protein metabolism in pregnant and lactating mares, including the suckling and weaned growing horses, in order to determine feed availability, as also the energy and protein requirements. The authors found that the feeding diets, consisting of alfalfa hay, oats and compounds, had different availability values in terms of energy and protein, according to animal physiological conditions and age. Thus, the pregnant mares utilized the metabolizable energy (ME) and digestible crude protein (DCP) intake in average proportions of 64.5 +/- 3.2%, 54.6 +/- 3.0%, r...
Foley JP, Legendre AM.Itraconazole, a tricyclic azole effective against a number of deep mycotic diseases, was used to treat a Quarter Horse filly with coccidioidomycosis. The horse was almost normal after 90 days of treatment. Five months after discontinuing itraconazole treatment, the filly had severe neck pain and neurologic signs from recurrence of coccidioidomycosis and was treated with itraconazole for an additional 6 months. Her clinical condition improved to almost normal and the filly has remained normal for 2 years. There was no evidence of drug toxicity.
Smyth GB, Taylor EG.A Salter-Harris type-II fracture of the proximal portion of the right femur in a 2-month-old filly was reduced and stabilized with three 6.5-mm-diameter, 100-mm-long cancellous bone screws through a dorsal approach to the right coxofemoral joint. The screws were removed after 11 months because the filly became lame in the affected limb. The surgical wounds dehisced despite preventive measures, most likely because of tightness of skin in the coxal region. Seven years after the original injury, the horse could perform vigorous paddock exercise without any disability. Early internal fixation of p...
Lindner A, Wahdati A, Sommer H.GSH-Px activity in blood and plasma of 269 horses was determined and interrelated to age, sex, and type of use or breed. Furthermore values in blood were related to hematocrit and hemoglobin contents. Trotters and riding horses had higher GSH-Px activities in plasma as well as in blood (0.83 +/- 0.22 and 0.79 +/- 0.23 U/ml plasma or 27.2 +/- 4.3 and 24.0 +/- 7.0 U/ml blood) than Thoroughbreds in training and yearlings (0.61 +/- 0.,14 and 0.56 +/- 0.16 U/ml plasma or 20.6 2 +/- 6.9 and 24.6 +/- 4.3 U/ml blood). 3 to 6 years old Thoroughbreds had higher GSH-Px-activities than 1 to 2 years old on...
Vice JD, Shoemaker RS, Cho DY.A 2-year old Thoroughbred filly was examined for a 1-month history of persistent nasal discharge. Contrast radiography revealed a circumscribed mass within the right maxillary sinus which extended to the frontal sinus and ethmoid labyrinth. A discrete attachment of the mass to the ethmoid labyrinth was identified at surgery. Surgical removal of the mass eliminated the nasal discharge. On gross examination, the external structure of the mass was similar to a turbinate with a thin bony wall covered by a smooth mucosal membrane. The internal structure of the lesion had a lining membrane with mult...
Broome TA, Allen D, Baxter GM, Pugh DG, Mahaffey E.A 2-year-old Arabian filly was referred for evaluation of a serosanguineous vaginal discharge. Palpation per rectum revealed a large, fluid-filled uterus and a uterine mass. The filly developed septic metritis and secondary laminitis as a result of torsion and necrosis of a pedunculated uterine mass. Ovariohysterectomy was performed. The entire cervix was removed with the uterus. Gross examination of the excised uterus revealed 3 intraluminal masses. Histologic evaluation identified the tumors as fibroleiomyoma. The filly recovered completely, and there was no recurrence of the tumor.
Clay CM, Clay JN.The seasonal reproductive cycle of stallions is characterized by an annual regression and recrudescence in testicular function and concentrations of LH, FSH, and testosterone in serum. Maximum reproductive capacity occurs during the increasing day lengths of spring and summer. The annual cycle in LH secretion may reflect a seasonally associated and photosensitive reduction and replenishment in pituitary content of LH. Similar to other seasonal breeders, it appears that stallions may possess an endogenous circannual rhythm in reproductive function that is subject to manipulation by altering the...
Honnas CM, Schumacher J, Kuesis BS.A 6-month-old 300-kg Quarter Horse filly was treated for septic arthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint and septic navicular bursitis that developed as a result of a deep puncture to the foot. Initial treatment consisted of establishing ventral drainage for the navicular bursa, lavage of the distal interphalangeal joint, and administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Because of continuing sepsis in the distal interphalangeal joint, subsequent treatment included packing the defect in the bottom of the foot with cancellous bone in an att...
Willham RL, Wilson DE.Research on the racing performance of quarter horses has been used to develop genetic prediction summaries on all horses with at least one start on record at the American Quarter Horse Association. In the 1987 summary, records from a total of 212,065 horses were used to give genetic predictions on stallions, mares, geldings, fillies, and colts. A reduced animal model was used that incorporated the repeated records of individuals. The individual race was the contemporary group after the data were adjusted for distance, sex, and age. Estimates of heritability of .24 and repeatability of .32 sugg...
Madison JB, Young D, Richardson D.Shoulder luxation in a 3-year-old Thoroughbred filly was treated by closed reduction, using a calf jack to provide traction on the limb. Arthroscopic examination of the shoulder allowed removal of soft tissue and bony debris. After surgery, the filly was confined to a box stall for 6 months. Eight months after surgery, the filly was doing light work and was not lame. Muscular atrophy present before surgery had resolved. Use of a calf jack may allow reduction of shoulder luxation under field conditions.
Skelton KV, Dowsett KF, McMeniman NP.This study investigated the effects of zero, low (0.55), medium (1.1) and high (2.2 mg/kg LW) boldenone undecylenate on the reproductive physiology of sixteen fillies from the ages of 7 to 11 months until 2 years. Ovarian activity measured by cross-sectional area, total number of ovulations, total number of follicles and the number of large follicles (greater than 30 mm in diameter) was significantly reduced by steroid treatments. Of fillies that ovulated during the first breeding season, the age of first ovulation and the second breeding season was significantly delayed in the high dose group...
Scott EA.A weanling Quarter Horse filly developed ventral swelling of the lower cervical area after difficult passage of a stomach tube for deworming. Intermittent bilateral nasal discharge developed. Radiography revealed fluid and gas density dorsal to the trachea and esophagus. Surgical incision with drainage and debridement of the abscess and fistulous tract, facilitated by use of drains, led to complete recovery. Contrast medium injected after surgery demonstrated a communication between the abscess and the pharyngeal region.
Gold JR, Grubb T, Court M, Villarino NF.Acetaminophen is a common analgesic and antipyretic drug used in human medicine and might be an alternative to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treating pain and pyrexia in foals. The pharmacokinetics and safety of differing doses of acetaminophen have not been investigated in foals. Objective: To determine the plasma pharmacokinetics and any changes in haematology and biochemistry profiles following oral administration of single doses of acetaminophen at 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg to foals. Methods: Randomised cross-over pharmacokinetic study. Methods: Six Quarter Horse (two colts and fou...
Trump M, Kircher PR, Fürst A.Two fillies with hindlimb lameness and a tentative diagnosis of a pelvic fracture involving the acetabulum were examined using computed tomography (CT). The use of CT for these two cases revealed the exact course of the fractures and fissures, as well as the size and position of fragments, thus allowing for definitive diagnosis.
Satué K, Felipe M, Mota J, Muñoz A.The length of gestation in Carthusian broodmares was calculated on the basis of 339 spontaneous full-term deliveries taking place in the 8-year period 1998-2005 from 158 broodmares and 29 stallions in a major farm of Spanish horses of Carthusian strain in southern Spain. Ultrasonography was used to determine follicular dehiscence, 1st day of pregnancy and to confirm conception in mares. Mean GL was 332.4 +/- 12.1 days, and a normal interval of 297-358 days was established for this breed. GL records were grouped on the basis of foal sex (colts or fillies), mating month (between November and Jan...
Cooley AJ, Reinhard MK, Gross TL, Fadok VA, Levy M.Widespread cutaneous papules in a yearling Standardbred filly were attributed by light and electron microscopic examination to molluscum contagiosum. Concomitant granulomatous enteritis, suspected clinically due to protein-losing enteropathy, was verified histopathologically. An associated altered altered immune response is suggested as the reason for the widespread poxvirus infection.
Naylor JM, Bell R.Orphan foals are best reared by fostering them onto a brood mare of appropriate size. If no foster mother is available, they can be reared on 2 per cent fat skimmed cow's milk fortified with dextrose at the rate of 20 gm per L. This should be slowly increased from 10 per cent of body weight at 1 day of age to 25 per cent of body weight at 10 days of age. The amount should then be held constant until weaning. Alternatively, foals can be reared on milk replacers. Manufacturers' feeding instructions rarely mimic the milk intake obtained by a foal nursing her dam, and problems have been observed i...
Smyth GB.A 3-year-old Thoroughbred filly examined because of poor performance after a fall was found to be ataxic. Radiography revealed a linear defect in the right dorsal cranial articular facet of the fifth cervical vertebra. The defect was thought to be a fracture or a developmental defect. Arthrodesis and stabilization were achieved by ventral implantation of a Bagby basket in the articulation between the fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae. The ataxia resolved within 4 months, and the filly was able to resume full race training.
Hahn K, Conze TM, Wollanke B, Distl O, Goehring LS, Witte TS.A 5-month-old draft horse filly was presented with incontinence and severe perivulvar dermatitis, which developed during the previous 2 months. Left-sided ectopic ureter entering in the caudal vaginal lumen, signs of cervix hypoplasia, and urine accumulation in the uterus were found during initial vaginal endoscopy. Therefore, a left ureter-nephrectomy was conducted under general anesthesia. Additionally, a cytogenetic examination was performed, which showed a XO monosomy with a 63,X/64,XX mosaic. This is the first case report presenting a chromosome abnormality in a draft horse filly combine...
Nogueira GP.Twelve female ponies were examined daily for 30 days and classified as ovulating (OV; N = 6; 197 +/- 6 kg) or prepubertal (PP; N = 6; 196 +/- 9 kg). Follicles were detected by ultrasound and gonadotropins quantified by radioimmunoassay. The mean diameter of the largest follicles was significantly larger in OV (38 +/- 1 mm) than in PP (26 +/- 2 mm) but there was no difference between groups in the size of the second largest follicle. There were more small follicles (29 mm than the OV fillies. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels did not differ between groups but PP fillies had lower lutein...
Critchley KL.A 6 month Welsh pony filly with an interventricular septal defect in conjunction with a pulmonary stenosis due to a bicuspid pulmonary valve is described. The animal had poor exercise tolerance, a loud pansystolic murmur and a precordial thrill. Blood pressure and oxygen tension values obtained during cardiac catheterization suggested the diagnosis which was confirmed at autopsy.
Mäkelä O, Gustavsson I, Hollmén T.Chromosomal analysis is not a routine examination in equine
practice. It is indicated, however, in infertile or subfertile
mares with small, inactive ovaries (Chandley et a/. 1975;
Power 1986).
The most commonly reported abnormalities in mares
concern sex chromosomes such as 63,XO and mosaic
63,XO/64,XX giving sterile mares and 64,XY resulting in
gonadal dysgenesis, sex reversal and testicular feminisation
(Power 1990). The phenotypic manifestations of a horse with
these karyotypic abnormalities are usually quite mild
compared with the corresponding abnormalities in man. These
mild ...
Faccin M, Landsgaard KA, Milliron SM, Jennings AH, Keith Chaffin M, Giaretta PR, Rech RR.A 1.5-year-old American quarter horse gelding (case 1) and an 11-month-old American quarter horse filly (case 2) were presented for acute onset pelvic lameness and lethargy. Case 1 had nasal discharge, while case 2 developed rapid muscle atrophy. Both horses had elevated serum creatine kinase activity. The horses showed similar polyphasic histiocytic and lymphoplasmacytic myositis with necrosis, mineralization, and regeneration. Additionally, case 1 had Streptococcus equi subsp. equi-induced suppurative retropharyngeal lymphadenitis with renal purpura hemorrhagica and myoglobinuric nephropathy...
Yovich JV, Stashak TS, DeBowes RM, Ducharme NG.Fractures of the distal phalanx of the forelimb were diagnosed in 5 colts and 3 fillies ranging in age from 2 weeks to 5 1/2 months at the time of fracture. Three fractures entered the distal interphalangeal joint and 6 fractures (one foal had bilateral fractures) were nonarticular. All foals with articular fractures became sound with conservative treatment. Four of 5 foals with nonarticular fractures became sound with conservative treatment and 1 foal developed separation of the hoof at the coronary band after application of acrylic around the hoof. On the basis of our observations in these f...
McCue PM, Freeman DE, Donawick WJ.From 1977 to 1986, guttural pouch tympany was diagnosed in 15 horses--11 fillies and 4 colts. Review of the medical records provided results of physical, microbiologic, radiographic, and endoscopic examinations, treatment protocols, complications, and recovery rate. All affected horses had visible swelling in the parotid gland region, 9 had abnormal respiratory noise, 5 had pneumonia, and 1 had dysphagia. Six horses were treated by median septum fenestration alone, and in 8 horses, this procedure was combined with resection of the mucosal flap at the pharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube. ...
Lauderdale JW.Puberty: For the gilt and filly, the first corpus luteum (CL) appears to have a normal lifespan. For both species, first CL usually is associated with estrus but can form in the absence of estrus. For the ewe and cow, a transient (1 to 4 d, ewe; 3 to 10 d, cow) rise and fall of ovarian derived progesterone (P4) is detected in peripheral blood (80% of ewes; 50% of heifers) prior to first "normal" CL. The first CL of apparent normal lifespan is not accompanied by estrus in the ewe. The first CL in the cow may or may not be accompanied by estrus; first estrus in the cow can be anovulatory. Data a...
Naden J, Squires EL, Nett TM.Puberty was studied using 15 fillies of Quarter Horse phenotype. Fillies were from dams treated daily from Days 20 to 325 of gestation with: (1) 2 ml neobee oil per 50 kg body weight (controls); or (2) 2 ml altrenogest (2.2 mg/ml) per 50 kg body weight. The clitoris was measured at birth and approximately every 12 weeks until 84 weeks of age. Blood samples were collected from 9 fillies (5 treated, 4 controls) every 4 days over a 28-day period at 8-week intervals from 4 to 68 weeks of age; sampling continued every 4 days after 72 weeks of age until first oestrus. Blood samples were collected da...
Honnas CM, Schumacher J, Kuesis BS.A 6-month-old 300-kg Quarter Horse filly was treated for septic arthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint and septic navicular bursitis that developed as a result of a deep puncture to the foot. Initial treatment consisted of establishing ventral drainage for the navicular bursa, lavage of the distal interphalangeal joint, and administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Because of continuing sepsis in the distal interphalangeal joint, subsequent treatment included packing the defect in the bottom of the foot with cancellous bone in an att...
Busse NI, Uberti B.A 12-year-old, multiparous, parturient show jumper embryo-recipient mare presented at a veterinary hospital, seven days past her due date and with a dilated cervix, for evaluation of mild colic. Gastrointestinal or metabolic abnormalities and fetal maldispositions were excluded as causes of dystocia, and a diagnosis of uterine inertia was made. There was no uterine response to oxytocin treatment. A live filly was delivered via C-section, and severe selenium deficiency was eventually confirmed in the mare, her offspring, and in the herd of origin. The filly was born with severe white muscle dis...
Byars TD, Simpson JS, Divers TJ, Shiner KA, Rantanen NW.Percutaneous nephrostomy was used to provide urine output in a 3-year-old Thoroughbred filly with azotemia and obstructive ureterolithiasis. Previous left ureteral surgery had failed to provide clinical improvement, and the filly became more azotemic. Nephrostomy was performed in the standing patient, with ultrasonographic guidance and local anesthesia. Continuing IV fluid therapy and diuresis through the nephrostomy tube resulted in a decrease in clinical signs of azotemia. However, the filly developed a cecal impaction, which ruptured during surgery because of colic, and was euthanatized.
Claes A, Cuervo-Arango J, Colleoni S, Lazzari G, Galli C, Stout TA.The success of invitro embryo production (IVEP) in horses has increased considerably during recent years, but little is known about the effect of the speed of invitro embryo development. Blastocysts (n=390) were produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection of IVM oocytes from warmblood mares, cryopreserved, thawed and transferred into recipient mares on Days 3, 4, 5 or 6 after ovulation. The time required for invitro-produced (IVP) embryos to reach the blastocyst stage was recorded (Day 7 vs Day 8). The likelihood of foaling was affected by the speed of invitro embryo development and recipient...
Mlodawska W, Okolski A.The effect of filly age on morphology of the ovaries, collected oocytes and their capacity for in vitro maturation (IVM) was examined. The ovaries of slaughtered fillies were classified into three groups, according to filly age: (I) <10 month old (<10MF); (II) approximately 1 year old (1YF); and (III) approximately 1.5 year old (1.5YF). The ovaries of mares were used as a control group. Ovarian morphology and collected oocytes were evaluated. Only oocytes with expanded (Ex) and compact (Cm) cumuli were used for IVM. In <10MF, 1YF, 1.5YF and mare groups, corpora lutea were found in the...
Kol'vek F, Krešáková L, Vdoviaková K, Medvecký Ľ, Žert Z.After the medial femoral condyle (MFC), the phalanges are the second most common site for osseous cyst-like lesions (OCLLs). Conservative treatment of phalangeal cysts on the convex surface of proximal phalanx presents a technical problem with access to the stoma of the cyst. Surgical therapy options usually aim to avoid cyst enlargement through drilling or screw placement or to encourage lesion filling with osteoconductive material. This paper describes a case of treatment of the OCLL in a yearling Czech warmblood filly with surgical arthrodesis, together with the packing of the OCLL with cal...
Willham RL, Wilson DE.Research on the racing performance of quarter horses has been used to develop genetic prediction summaries on all horses with at least one start on record at the American Quarter Horse Association. In the 1987 summary, records from a total of 212,065 horses were used to give genetic predictions on stallions, mares, geldings, fillies, and colts. A reduced animal model was used that incorporated the repeated records of individuals. The individual race was the contemporary group after the data were adjusted for distance, sex, and age. Estimates of heritability of .24 and repeatability of .32 sugg...
Gold JR, Grubb T, Court MH, Villarino NF.Acetaminophen is utilized in human infants for pain management and fever. Neonatal foals might benefit from administration of acetaminophen but effective and safe dosage regimens for neonatal foals remains to be determined. Unassigned: The objective was to determine the plasma pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen following oral administration of a single dose of 20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg to neonatal foals. A secondary objective was to evaluate any changes in hematology and biochemistry profiles. Unassigned: Randomized study. Unassigned: Eight clinically healthy 7-9-day old Quarter Horse foals (3 c...
Tallon RE, Gough RL, McGovern KF.To describe the use of an equine compression suit to manage a deep axillary wound in a Thoroughbred filly with bilateral pneumothorax. Methods: A 2-year-old Thoroughbred filly was referred for management of a deep wound to the left axilla. Packing and bandaging of the area were initially attempted, but this became repeatedly dislodged, and bandaging was discontinued. The filly subsequently developed widespread subcutaneous emphysema, and the wound was slow to granulate. Acute onset respiratory distress occurred 11 days after admission, secondary to bilateral worsening pneumothorax, and requir...
Beccati F, Pepe M, Nannarone S, Tamantini C, Gialletti R.The case report of a 14-month-old Thoroughbred filly with acute onset of severe right hindlimb lameness is presented. The horse had a severe and sudden abduction of the hindlimbs due to a side effect of an overdose of lidocaine, which had been administered in a constant rate infusion after a colic surgery. Transcutaneous ultrasonography and standing radiography of the pelvis revealed proximal and cranial displacement of the greater trochanter and free bone fragments consistent with an apophyseal avulsion fracture of the greater trochanter. The complete diagnosis was obtained with the horse in ...
