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Topic:Clinical Study
Clinical studies in equine research involve the systematic investigation of health and disease in horses through structured scientific methods. These studies aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatments, understand disease mechanisms, and improve veterinary care practices. Clinical studies can include randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and case-control studies. They may focus on various aspects such as pharmacokinetics, therapeutic interventions, and diagnostic techniques. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the design, implementation, and findings of clinical studies in equine medicine, providing insights into their impact on horse health and veterinary practices.
An experimental approach to surgery of the equine fetlock and its associated structures. An illustrated approach to the medial aspect of the equine fetlock joint is described, whereby the collateral ligaments are transected. This approach is suggested as a possible technique for metatarsal or metacarpal bone fracture repair by retrograde pinning, arthrodesis of the fetlock joint and other joint and sesamoid bone surgery. The histological evidence of satisfactory healing is presented and the advantages and disadvantages are discussed.
Relationship of protein concentration and water content of equine serum and plasma samples. A highly significant correlation between the water content and protein concentration of equine serum and plasma samples was demonstrated over a wide range of concentrations. A close correlation was also observed between protein concentration as estimated by refractometry and as determined by the biuret procedure for equine serum and plasma samples.
A method of ether anaesthesia in ponies. A method of inhalation anaesthesia using diethyl ether, following induction with thiopentone, is described in ponies. The high concentrations of ether needed to maintain anaesthesia were obtained by using a Marrett head in circle vaporizer. This methods would only be used in ponies, since the diameter of the tubing is too small for use on larger horses.
Effect of imidocarb dipropionate and hemicastration on spermatogenesis in pony stallions. The effect of imidocarb dipropionate [3, 3' bis-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) carbanilide dipropionate] on spermatogenesis in 3 pony stallions was studied. The drug alone had no deleterious effect on spermatogenesis when given intramuscularly 4 times at a dosage level of 4 mg/kg at 72-hour intervals. Hemicastration, with or without subsequent drug treatment, caused almost complete cessation of spermatogenesis 30 days after the operation.
Surgical repair of cleft soft palate in the horse. A technique for the surgical repair of a cleft soft palate in the horse is described. A symphysiotomy approach was employed to repair the anterior end of the cleft palate, and the posterior part was approached via a pharyingotomy incision.
Stability of cephalosporins in horse serum. The antibiotic activity of cephalothin, cephaloridine, cephalexin, cephaloglycin, cefazolin, and cefamandole was determined after storage for up to 30 days in horse serum at -10 and 4 degrees C. Cephalothin, cefamandole, cefazolin, and cephalexin were stable for at least 30 days at -10 degrees C, whereas cephaloridine lost 29% of its initial activity and cephaloglycin lost more than 50%. Cefamandole, cefazolin, and cephalexin could only be stored for 3 days at 4 degrees C without significant loss in activity, whereas cephalothin, cephaloridine, and cephaloglycin could be stored for only 1 day....
[Studies on the effects of intravenous administration of glucose, fructose, invertose and sorbitol on various blood constituents of blood plasma (monosaccharides, insulin, lactate, pyruvate and free fatty acids as well as glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase) in the horse]. Horses were examined for the behaviour of various blood constituents prior to and following infusions of solutions of glucose, fructose, invertose, and sorbitol. Infusion of 0.5 g/kg live weight glucose to six horses was followed by half-life variation between eleven and 23 minutes. Subsequent infusion of invertose to the same animals usually caused prolongation of glucose half-life. Half-life values were between 17 and 33 minutes for fructose and between 21 and 80 minutes for glucose. Infusion of 0.5 g/kg live weight fructose to two horses was followed by half-life values between 17 and 18 mi...
Human lymphocyte subpopulations: rosette formation with sheep, human and horse red blood cells. Rosette formation between human lymphocytes and horse red blood cells could be promoted by a low pH medium, overnight incubation and a temperature of 4 degrees C. The percent of sheep, horse and human rosette-forming cells in the peripheral blood were 71.7 +/- 1.8, 30.5 +/- 2.8 and 28.3 +/- 3.4 respectively. However, their percentages in thymuses were 97.1 +/- 1.1, 91.4 +/- 2.4 and 89.0 +/- 3.4. Using preparations of isolated subpopulations, it was observed that the horse and human red cell rosette-forming cells were probably also "early" sheep red cell rosette-forming cells. Rosette formation...
Lyophilized combination pools of enterovirus equine antisera: preparation and test procedures for the identification of field strains of 19 group A coxsackievirus serotypes. This paper describes the preparation of seven combination pools of equine antisera, designated J though P, for identification of 19 coxsackievirus A immunotypes. Each pool is composed of 4 to 6 antisera; the serotypes included are A1-6, 8, 10-15, and 17-22. These pools, unlike the previously prepared A-H enterovirus pools, were lyophilized from volumes of 0.5 ml dispensed into 5-ml vials, and when rehydrated with 5 ml of diluent provide 50-antibody-unit material ready for use in identification tests without further dilution. Procedures for using the antiserum pools are given, and guidance is p...
Drug interactions in the horse: effects of chloramphenicol, quinidine, and oxyphenbutazone on phenylbutazone metabolism. The plasma half-life of phenylbutazone in horses was not increased after pretreatment with chloramphenicol or quinidine, but was increased after oxyphenbutazone. This increased plasma half-life after oxyphenbutazone is consistent with observations in other species and suggests that oxyphenbutazone inhibits the metabolism of phenylbutazone in horses. Lack of inhibition of phenylbutazone metabolism in the horse by chloramphenicol and quinidine is inconsistent with results obtained in other species.
Rapid heterolysis of indophenyl acetate by a constituent of a preparation of horse serum cholinesterase. A transient phase for the hydrolysis of indophenyl acetate by the commercial preparation of horse serum cholinesterase was observed on a stopped-flow spectrophotometer. It was found that the transient process is a reaction of the ester with a major component of the preparation and is not caused by the serum cholinesterase enzyme. This noncholinesterase component was isolated and the dependence of its concentration and that of the ester upon the transient liberation of the indophenolate ion were determined. Studies with the isolated component and subsequent analyses have led to the tentative id...
Identification of the PR prealbumin proteins in horse serum. The Pr protein, which is one of the major equine acidic prealbumins and which consists of a large number of phenotypes, has been studied with regard to its chemical identity. Serum samples of known Pr phenotype which had been treated with varying amounts of bovine trypsin were subjected to starch gel electrophoresis at pH 4.8. When a certain amount of trypsin was used, the Pr protein was markedly affected, whereas the other acidic prealbumins retained their normal electrophoreitic pattern. Extracts from three different regions of the acidic prealbumin field were tested by the casein precipitat...
Serological relationships between rotaviruses from different species as studied by complement fixation and neutralization. Human, piglet, mouse, foal, lamb, calf and rabbit rotaviruses all infected, but could not readily be subcultured in LLC MK2 cells. Cells infected with mouse and calf rotaviruses reacted by indirect immunofluorescence (FA) with convalescent serum from children, piglets, mice, foals, lambs, calves or rabbits, taken after rotavirus infection. Human, calf, piglet, mouse and foal rotaviruses reacted with human, calf, mouse, foal and lamb convalescent serum by complement fixation (CF). It was not possible to distinguish between different rotaviruses by CF or FA. Neutralization tests, however, detect...
Non-surgical correction of a uterine torsion in the mare. A case of uterine torsion is described and its correction under general anaesthesia by a method described by Schaffer for the cow. The degree of torsion was 180 degrees and in a clockwise direction. After correction the foal was found to be alive and in anterior presentation and ventral position; it was born normally 84 days later.
