Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Genetic background and phenotypic features of the endangered Miyako horse. The Miyako horse is one of the eight Japanese native horse breeds and is scarce in terms of population size. Japanese native horses are believed to be descended from Mongolian horses and represent a precious lineage that has preserved its traits for over a thousand years in Japan. Genetic analysis of the endangered Miyako horse is useful for preserving its original phenotypic traits. This study analysed the genetic variation in trait-related genes for coat colour (), body composition (), gait (), and temperament () in 46 extant Miyako horses. In addition, because numerous Miyako horses have ve...
Is there a difference in pressures and forces under the roller with different pads when lunging horses with the Pessoa training aid? Elevated pressures beneath training rollers during the Pessoa training aid (PTA) use have been reported, particularly over the thoracic region, which may contribute to back discomfort. Objective: To investigate the effect of different pads on pressures and forces beneath a training roller during lunging with a PTA. Methods: Six clinically sound horses (13.8 ± 5.2 years) were lunged on a 16-m circle in trot and canter using a randomised crossover design under three conditions: no padding (Pad 1), a folded cotton saddle cloth (Pad 2), and a purpose-made roller foam pad (Pad 3). Kinetic data wer...
Detection of exercising ectopic atrial and ventricular beats using non-linear analysis of clinically normal racehorse electrocardiograms at rest or low-intensity exercise. Cardiac arrhythmias are common in healthy athletic horses and may lead to poor athletic performance or exercise-associated sudden death. Early detection of high-risk horses is an important goal of cardiovascular diagnostics. We hypothesised that non-linear analysis of electrocardiogram disorderliness can be used to identify horses exhibiting intermittent ectopic atrial and ventricular heart rhythm abnormalities at exercise using brief, artifact-free recordings of normal sinus rhythm electrocardiograms collected at submaximal heart rates. In a convenience prospective cross-sectional study, ambu...
Functional Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNAs Associated with Reproductive Fitness in Pura Raza Española Mares. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts constituted of more than 200 nucleotides that have been associated with the regulation of different biological processes by modulating the expression of key genes. In horses, evidence suggests that lncRNAs play a role in female reproductive fitness, yet their functional implications remain poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to investigate potential DNA:RNA triplex interactions between the promoter regions of fertility-related genes and lncRNAs transcribed from non-coding loci located within ±50 kb of these genes. By doing so, w...
Comparison of Ultrasonography, Contrast Radiographic Tenography, Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Tenography, and Tenoscopy for Lesion Detection Within the Digital Flexor Tendon Sheath of Horses-A Prospective Clinical Trial. Lesions of the tendons and manica flexoria (MF) within the digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) are a common cause for lameness in horses. This prospective study compared and quantified the agreement and disagreement of positive contrast computed tomographic tenography (CTT), positive contrast radiographic tenography (RXT), ultrasonography (US) and tenoscopy for diagnosing naturally occurring lesions within the DFTS, without application of a gold standard. Lesions affecting the deep (DDFT) and/or superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), and/or the MF and/or constriction of the palmar/plantar a...
Decoding sebaceous gland functions and diseases: insights from domestic animals. Skin sebaceous glands (SGs) synthesize and secrete sebum, a mixture of lipids and cellular debris that defends the external body surface against physicochemical challenges. Recent data define the SG as a dynamic entity with potential functions beyond skin protection, including immunomodulatory actions and the regulation of energy metabolism. We postulate that the SG also has important, unrecognized roles in physiological and pathological processes in domestic animals. Conversely, data derived from domestic animals may have translational relevance for humans. This review article summarizes SG s...
Orthoflavivirus-associated neurological disease in a UK horse. Keesjan Cornelisse and Andra-Maria Ionescu discuss the clinical presentation, investigation and diagnostic approach to a case of orthoflavivirus infection in a horse in south-west England.
Are antioxidants hindering stallion sperm capacitation? A perspective on hidden barriers to equine IVF success. Heavy use of antioxidants in equine in vitro fertilisation (IVF) media may suppress the reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals stallion sperm need for capacitation, which depends on high mitochondrial activity and a well-maintained endogenous redox homeostasis. A species-specific approach balancing oxidative protection with controlled ROS signalling could improve fertilisation efficiency and reduce prolonged incubation times.
Plasmidial virulence of Rhodococcus equi and its implications of livestock infections for human health: a possible foodborne pathogen? Rhodococcus equi, a versatile and adapted opportunistic in nature bacterium, infects animals and humans. This soil-borne microorganism widely occurs in farms. Its dissemination occurs by feces from domestic animals (particularly horses, cattle, and pigs). In the last decades, bacterial virulence has been strongly attributed to plasmid-encoded virulence-associated proteins (VAPs). To date, three virulence plasmid types have been recognized: pVAPA, pVAPB, and pVAPN, which are considered host- or livestock-adapted. The pVAPA type is related to equine isolates (horse-type), the pVAPB type is assoc...
Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis: An Ancient Parasite Meets Modern Compounding. EPM remains particularly rampant in racing populations due to transport stress, young age, and congregate housing conditions. For compounding pharmacists, understanding that we're managing chronic parasite suppression - not achieving cure - fundamentally changes our approach to formulation strategy, stability assessment, and client counseling. The two formulations presented separately represent years of refinement, demonstrating compounding's essential role when commercial products fall short.
Omics integration reveals how the gut microbiota of Warmblood horses responds to equestrian show jumping-a short-duration, high-intensity technical exercise stress. Intestinal microbial homeostasis and metabolic balance play a crucial role in maintaining normal physiological function in horses. Exogenous stress involving abrupt turns and jumps during show jumping significantly impacts intestinal microbial homeostasis and metabolic balance in these animals. Results: By comparing rectal (faecal) samples from 10 Warmblood horses collected before and immediately after a show jumping competition on the same day, we observed substantial alterations in intestinal microbial homeostasis and metabolic balance post-exercise. Microbial evenness significantly increase...
Cardiac morphologic changes induced by a 10-week water treadmill training for show jumping horses: A preliminary evaluation. This study aimed to investigate cardiac adaptations and energy expenditure of jumping horses after water treadmill (WT) training. Six trained horses were evaluated before (PRETR) and after (TR) a WT training (20 min, twice/week, water at carpus height) for 10 weeks. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed at PRETR and TR with phased array transducer (1.9-4 MHz) to obtain interventricular septal thickness (IVS), LV internal diameter (LVID), and posterior wall thickness (LVPW) at end-diastole (d) and systole (s) and heart rate (HR). Left ventricule end diastolic volume (Vd) and end syst...
Do active stables affect the response to novelty and attitude towards humans in horses? A pilot study. The demand for horse housing that allows social contact, free movement, and continuous access to forage is increasing. Active stables, equipped with automatic feeders, aim to meet these needs by offering conditions closer to natural living. It is not known whether 'active stable' influences horse fear and human-oriented behaviour. This study compared the behaviour of horses housed in active stable (N = 24) and traditional stable (N = 22) to assess responses to novelty, sudden stimuli, and interactions with humans. We also examined the effects of breed type, age, and weekly riding workload....
H3K4me3 CUT&Tag and Transcriptome Analysis Reveal the Epigenetic Regulatory Landscape in Mammary Gland Tissues of Yili Horses at Different Lactation Stages. H3K4me3, a well-established histone modification associated with active promoters, plays a critical role in orchestrating gene expression programs that govern mammary gland development and lactation. In this study, we present the first comprehensive epigenomic profiling of H3K4me3 modifications during mammary gland development in Yili horses using Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) and RNA sequencing. Mammary gland tissues were collected from two developmental stages-early lactation and peak lactation. A total of 393 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified betw...
Topical treatment of equine aural plaques with nitric acid and zinc solution. Equine aural plaque caused by equine papilloma viruses is common worldwide and affected horses can show severe clinical signs. Due to its viral aetiology, in some countries affected horses are not allowed to compete. Since lesions persist, showing no spontaneous regression, effective and safe treatment is required. Currently, the only treatment with consistent efficacy is imiquimod. Treatment time is prolonged and adverse effects are common. In humans, papilloma warts are successfully and safely treated with topical nitric-zinc complex solutions inducing a painless caustic effect. Objective: T...
Differences in Redox Biomarkers in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Leisure Horses With and Without Severe Equine Asthma: Preliminary Results. Equine asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and oxidative imbalance, particularly in its severe form. The aim of this study was to evaluate pro-oxidative substances, oxidative products, and antioxidant defense biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from horses with and without a history of severe equine asthma (SEA). This prospective observational study included 21 leisure horses classified as SEA or non-SEA based on clinical history and BALF cytology. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was analyzed for derivatives of reactive oxygen metaboli...
Theileria haneyi: An Emerging Equids Hemoparasite with Milder Virulence but Major Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications. , a recently discovered tick-borne hemoparasite infecting equids globally, has significant implications for equine health. Although it is closely related to (sharing 23% genomic divergence), it establishes an asymptomatic carrier state in persistently infected horses, creating a silent transmission reservoir. Its discovery and unique genetics justify its classification as a new taxon. A critical diagnostic challenge is that the lack of the gene in prevents its detection by the standard cELISA, emphasizing the need for species-specific tools. Although species-specific PCR assays, including ...
Spontaneous regression of equine sarcoids is an exceptional event. Sarcoids are benign, yet locally aggressive skin tumours that commonly affect horses and other equid species. The lesions are induced by bovine papillomavirus types 1, 2, and probably 13 in conjunction with other factors including trauma and a genetic predisposition. Although sarcoids have a substantial impact on the health and welfare of affected equids, information on the immune response to bovine papillomavirus infection and resulting sarcoids is limited. However, there is evidence that sarcoid disease is associated with an impaired immune response to bovine papillomavirus infection. This o...
Supramolecular Solvent Extraction for Doping Control Analysis of Prohibited Substances in Horse Urine. Despite the recent success in introducing supramolecular solvents (SUPRAS)-based extraction to drug analysis, its application and robustness in day-to-day regular urine testing have yet to be demonstrated. Moreover, the applicability of SUPRAS in equine doping control testing remains unexplored. In this work, we have successfully developed for the first time a simple, rapid, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly SUPRAS extraction method for analyzing 76 prohibited substances of different classes (selective androgen receptor modulators, hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors...
RAiSE (recognizing affective state in equine) and the assessment of equine affective state: Accuracy and application. Accurate interpretation of affective state (AS) of animals is critical to assessment of their wellbeing. Although horse owners may appreciate the importance of this skill, many lack the ability to interpret AS accurately. Objective: To test if the online course Recognizing Affective States in Equine (RAiSE) improves participants' assessment of AS in horses and increases use of AS in management. Methods: Participants completed pre (PRE), post (POST), and 90 day post (90POST) course surveys to assess accuracy in identifying AS in 20 videos, as well as use of AS in their horse interactions. Pre/p...
Gene Editing and the Future of Thoroughbred Breeding and Racing. Prohibited gene editing in horses (either in embryos or via cell culture and cloning) can result in both desired and undesired outcomes. If left undetected, changes can proliferate within the population in subsequent generations, posing a major threat to welfare and breed integrity.
The dynamic 3D horse: analyzing the relationship between whole body pathomechanics and joint degeneration in the fetlocks. Lameness is often associated with degenerative joint disease (DJD). Current therapies focus on minimizing pain or treating specific lesions but generally do not address the pathomechanical forces that are the root cause of degeneration. Treatments based on specific, whole-body therapies are becoming common in humans with DJD, but are still not routinely applied in equine cases. Designing targeted therapies for horses requires recognizing habitual postures and movements that are pathological. An important but often missing component for understanding movement postures is accurate and manipulata...
Nationwide Serological Survey of Equine Trypanosomosis in Kazakhstan. Equine trypanosomosis remains an important veterinary concern in regions where horses play a significant economic and cultural role. In Kazakhstan, comprehensive nationwide data on the seroepidemiological status of equine trypanosomes are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the serological distribution of equine trypanosomosis across all administrative regions of Kazakhstan using complement fixation testing (CFT). A total of 6065 equine serum samples were collected from seventeen regions between 2023 and 2025. Antibodies against members of the subgenus were detected using a WOAH-reco...
Temporal variation in incretin and insulin secretion in ponies in association with dietary macronutrients. Equine insulin dysregulation (ID) is a common condition that predisposes to hyperinsulinaemia-associated laminitis. Improved pathophysiological understanding would enable better management of ID and reduce the risk of laminitis. The incretin peptides, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), augment the insulin response to dietary glucose and GLP-1 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of ID. However, their temporal variation in response to a low-energy diet has not been reported. This study determined the variation in GLP-1, GIP and insulin ...
Horse Olfactory Exploration of Various Plants with Regard to Smell and Taste Familiarity. The sense of smell is the first sense by which horses determine the suitability of feed for consumption. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the degree of familiarity with the smell and taste of plants on horses' olfactory exploration. Behavioural responses of twenty adult horses to nine herbs of three degrees of familiarity-least familiar (unknown in the first trial), known only by smell, and known by smell and taste-were investigated. During the tests, the horses were allowed to explore the individual herbs placed in a crib constructed to prevent them from eating the contents...
Starch Overload and Cecal Alkalinization: Impacts on the Intestinal Microbiota and Health of Horses. Starch overload induces dysbiosis primarily through a reduction in cecal pH. This study aimed to evaluate the cecal microbiota following excessive starch intake, with or without the administration of an intracecal buffering solution. We hypothesized that the buffering solution would mitigate changes in the intestinal microbiota and associated clinical signs. Ten horses were randomly assigned to two groups, each receiving distinct treatments (Group I: saline solution [WSa] and starch-buffer [SB]; Group II: buffer-water [WB] and starch-saline [SSa]). Following starch overload (17.6 g/kg body wei...
Characteristics of horse riding-related falls in patients presenting to emergency departments in manche department, france: a multicenter retrospective analysis. Horse riding-related falls are a frequent cause of emergency department (ED) presentations; however, their regional epidemiology in France is poorly described. We aimed to quantify the incidence of ED visits after falling from a horse in the Manche Department and characterize the injury patterns, resource use, and short-term outcomes. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study across six hospitals in Manche (France), including all patients presenting to the ED after a fall from a horse between May 1, 2021, and October 31, 2024. Demographics, initial clinical status, imaging findin...
Computational modelling of the equine arteritis virus GP5/M Dimer: Implications for immune evasion and virulence. Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus of the Arteriviridae family. Its GP5/M dimer, the principal component of the viral envelope, mediates virus budding and serves as a key target for neutralizing antibodies. Using AlphaFold3, we predicted the 3D structure of the EAV GP5/M dimer and compared it to its homolog in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Both complexes share a conserved architecture comprising a short ectodomain, three helical transmembrane regions, and a β-sheet-rich endodomain. EAV GP5 features a longer ectodomain with four α-heli...
Integrating Performance Records and Genetic Evaluations in Spanish Horse Populations Competing in Olympic Disciplines. This study evaluates performance data and genetic merit of the main horse populations competing in Olympic disciplines in Spain and examines their implications for the optimization of official Breeding Programs. Performance records from 2004-2023 were analyzed, including 101,093 participations in Dressage, 319,000 in Show Jumping, and 17,535 in Eventing. These records were combined with pedigree information from 35,589 horses in Dressage, 33,935 in Show Jumping, and 12,102 in Eventing and evaluated using BLUP animal models to obtain standardized Estimated Breeding Values (EBV; mean 100 ± 20) ...
Popular Topics
- Equine Health (60645)
- Veterinary Medicine (50915)
- Horses (46839)
- Veterinary Research (32278)
- Equine Diseases (26378)
- Clinical Study (26336)
- Veterinary Care (25340)
- Disease Diagnosis (24127)
- Diagnosis (23766)
- Animal Health (18992)
- Physiology (18218)
- Disease Treatment (17378)
- Equine Science (17018)
- Disease (14429)
- Animal Science (14250)
- Clinical Pathology (14211)
- Infection (12510)
- Comparative Study (12311)
- Diagnostic Technique (11413)
- Infectious Disease (11089)
- Epidemiology (10864)
- Disease Etiology (10290)
- Genetics (9938)
- Animal Studies (9563)
- Veterinary Science (9463)
- Veterinary Procedure (8668)
- Clinical Symptoms (8614)
- Case Reports (8229)
- Reproduction (8115)
- Biochemistry (7742)
- Clinical Findings (7351)
- Laboratory Methods (7249)
- In Vivo (7085)
- Disease Management (6338)
- Anatomy (6231)
- Surgery (6158)
- In Vitro Research (5950)
- Public Health (5897)
- Immunology (5865)
- Mares (5836)
- Musculoskeletal System (5211)
- Pharmacology (5153)
- Molecular biology (5081)
- Inflammation (5018)
- Veterinary Practice (4709)
- Foals (4667)
- Virus (4332)
- Equine Studies (4268)
- Blood (4264)
- Thoroughbreds (4200)
